Makhana Grading System Explained
The makhana grading system is a trade standard used to classify fox nuts based on size (suta), uniformity, and overall quality. It helps wholesalers, processors, and exporters buy makhana with predictable pricing, roasting behaviour, and batch consistency.
The makhana grading system is a standardized method used in the Indian fox nut trade to classify makhana based on size uniformity, appearance, and overall quality.
Unlike retail descriptions, grading terminology follows wholesale trade logic. It allows buyers to evaluate makhana before physical inspection and reduces disputes related to size and quality.
How Makhana Is Graded
Grading is performed after harvesting and processing. The objective is accurate classification for commercial trade, not cosmetic enhancement.
- Cleaning to remove husk and impurities
- Roasting and polishing for stability
- Manual and sieve-based size sorting
- Removal of broken or irregular fox nuts
- Final segregation into trade grades
Primary Grade Classifications
- Single grade makhana — Fox nuts sorted into a narrow suta range for uniform size, appearance, and predictable roasting.
- Mixed grade makhana — Multiple suta sizes packed together, prioritising yield and cost efficiency over uniformity.
Size Grading and the Suta System
Size grading in makhana uses the traditional suta system. A higher suta number generally indicates a larger fox nut. Commercially, makhana is graded from 3 suta to 7 suta.
Size grading works alongside grade classification. For example, single grade makhana may be supplied as only 5 suta, while mixed grade makhana may include multiple suta sizes in one lot.
Refer to the makhana size chart for detailed size usage and trade positioning.
Why Grading Matters in Wholesale Trade
- Transparent and standardised pricing
- Predictable roasting and processing performance
- Clear separation between retail, processing, and export use
- Reduced disputes over size and quality
- Improved inventory and batch planning
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the makhana grading system?
It classifies fox nuts by size, uniformity, and quality to ensure consistency in wholesale trade.
Is size grading the same as quality grading?
No. Size grading refers to suta, while quality grading also includes cleanliness and breakage.
Last reviewed: January 2026